Impact of broiler breeder growth trajectory on plasma corticosterone concentration: a comparison of analytical methods

M. Afrouziyeh, M. J. Zuidhof, Impact of broiler breeder growth trajectory on plasma corticosterone concentration: a comparison of analytical methods, Poultry Science, V. 101 (5), 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.101792

broiler breeder, corticosterone, ELISA, feed restriction, metabolomics, peer-reviewed, Publication, Research Showcase 2022

PIP Author(s)

About

Publication Metrics

Blood concentration of corticosterone (CORT) is a measure of welfare in feed-restricted broiler breeders. The RIA and ELISA have been routinely used for measuring CORT in blood, excreta, and feather. Due to the presence of some confounding factors in the methods mentioned, this study had the objective to 1) determine correlation between plasma concentrations of CORT measured by ELISA and LC-MS/MS methods and 2) investigate the effects of the high and low photostimulation BW and breeder age on plasma CORT levels.

Approach

A total of 36 broiler breeder pullets were used, of which 30 were randomly assigned to one of 10 unique growth trajectories, and 6 were assigned to an unrestricted group. We designed the growth trajectories using a 3-phase Gompertz growth model with 10 levels of BW gain in the prepubertal and pubertal growth phases, ranging from the breeder-recommended target BW (CON) to 22.5% higher (CON+22.5%), in 2.5% increments. The BW trajectories were applied to each individual bird using a precision feeding (PF) system, which collected BW and feed intake data. The birds were classified based on age at first egg (AFE), and 12 birds each having the highest and lowest AFE were selected for the CORT study. Then median photostimulation BW of the candidate birds was used to define the upper (heavy BW) and lower (standard BW) extremes and plasma CORT levels were evaluated by ELISA and LC-MS/MS methods from their blood collected at 18, 20, 22, 24, and 26 wk of age.

Analysis of Results

Concentrations of plasma CORT measured using ELISA method were highly correlated (r = 0.95; P < 0.001) with values measured using LC-MS/MS method, validating interchangeably usage of both methods to measure plasma CORT in broiler breeders. Plasma CORT levels were not affected by photostimulation BW or breeders’ age, indicating same welfare status between the precision-fed high and low BW groups. Probably, because the PF system provided frequent meals per day, the length of fasting between meals was not long enough to affect the plasma CORT level.

Application

The results of this experiment indicate that there is a highly positive correlation between CORT measures using ELISA and LC-MS/MS methods. This suggests that both methods are valid for measuring plasma CORT.

Abstract

Blood concentration of corticosterone (CORT) is a measure of welfare in feed restricted broiler breeders. The RIA and ELISA have been routinely used for measuring CORT in blood, excreta, and feather. Due to the presence of some confounding factors in the aforementioned colorimetric enzyme reaction methods, some methodological difficulties have been attributed to those assays. The correlation between broiler breeder plasma CORT concentrations, measured using ELISA and a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, was the focus of the current study. A total of 36 broiler breeder pullets were used, of which 30 were randomly assigned to one of 10 unique growth trajectories, and 6 were assigned to an unrestricted group. We designed the growth trajectories using a 3-phase Gompertz growth model with 10 levels of BW gain in the prepubertal and pubertal growth phases, ranging from the breeder-recommended target BW (CON) to 22.5% higher (CON+22.5%), in 2.5% increments. The BW trajectories were applied to each individual bird using a precision feeding (PF) system, which collected BW and feed intake data. The birds were classified based on age at first egg (AFE), and 12 birds each having the highest and lowest AFE was selected for the CORT study. Then median photostimulation BW of the candidate birds was used to define the upper (heavy BW) and lower (standard BW) extremes, and plasma CORT levels were evaluated by ELISA and LC-MS/MS methods from their blood collected at 18, 20, 22, 24, and 26 wk of age. Concentrations of plasma CORT measured using ELISA method were highly correlated (r = 0.95; P < 0.001) with values measured using LC-MS/MS method, validating interchangeably usage of both methods to measure plasma CORT in broiler breeders. Plasma CORT levels were not affected by photostimulation BW or breeders’ age, indicating same welfare status between the precision fed high and low BW groups.